papua new guinea how many languages

The southern New Guinea plains are only sparsely populated by relatively mobile sago gatherers. Joseph Greenberg proposed that the Andamanese languages (or at least the Great Andamanese languages) off the coast of Burma are related to the Papuan or West Papuan languages. There are 840 living languages in Papua New Guinea, although 37 of those are close to extinction [20] He believed that it was naïve to expect to find a single Papuan or Australian language family when New Guinea and Australia had been a single landmass for most of their human history, having been separated by the Torres Strait only 8000 years ago, and that a deep reconstruction would likely include languages from both. All other Papuan languages are right-headed. [22], Cover term for several language families spoken in New Guinea and neighboring areas, Papuan families proposed by Wurm (1975) (with approximate numbers of languages), Papuan families other than TNG accepted by Foley (2003), Papuan families proposed by Wichmann (2013), Papuan families proposed by Palmer (2018). There are at least 7,102 known languages still spoken in the world today. The north coast and northeastern archipelagoes are generally well-populated, despite the hazards of volcanic eruptions, frequent earth tremors, and, rarely, tsunamis. Wurm also suggested the Sepik–Ramu languages have similarities with the Australian languages, but believed this may be due to a substratum effect,[6] but nevertheless believed that the Australian languages represent a linguistic group that existed in New Guinea before the arrival of the Papuan languages (which he believed arrived in at least two different groups). Other linguists, including William A. Foley, have suggested that many of Wurm's phyla are based on areal features and structural similarities, and accept only the lowest levels of his classification, most of which he inherited from prior taxonomies. READ PAPER. Approximately another one-fifth are Roman Catholics. Austronesian speakers generally inhabit the coastal regions and offshore islands, including the Trobriands and Buka. (2018) propose 43 independent families and 37 language isolates in the Papuasphere, comprising a total of 862 languages. What is the world’s largest archipelago? The largest family posited for the Papuan region is the Trans–New Guinea phylum, consisting of the majority of Papuan languages and running mainly along the highlands of New Guinea. Much of their classification is accepted by Glottolog (though the names are not; Glottolog invents its own names). - Yu whosait?My name is (Joe) - Nem bilong mi (Joe)Thank you very much - tenk yu tru(e)No thank you - sori nogutHow are you? Tuna fisheries have great potential and foreign-owned canneries have expanded, but licenses have been sold cheaply and fishing zones monitored poorly. Besides the Austronesian languages, there are some 800 languages divided into perhaps sixty small language families, with unclear relationships to each other or to any other languages, plus many language isolates. Papuan speakers, who constitute the great majority of the population, live mainly in the interior. 9 families have been broken up into separate groups in Wichmann's (2013) classification, which are: An automated computational analysis (ASJP 4) by Müller, Velupillai, Wichmann et al. Tiny Papua New Guinea is all of 462,840 square kilometres in size, about as big as the state of California. [2] Since perhaps only a quarter of Papuan languages have been studied in detail, linguists' understanding of the relationships between them will continue to be revised. Speakers were allowed to use their own languages. Papua New Guinea has 839 languages -- the highest number of languages spoken as a first language in a single country. English is taught in many schools and is spoken mostly by the educated, as well as being used in bureaucratic processes such as government, trade and commerce. However, he considered this not evidence of a connection between (Great) Andamanese and Trans–New Guinea, but of a substratum from an earlier migration to New Guinea from the west. 2. Papua New Guinea is a country located to the north of Australian. The only Papuan languages with official recognition are those of East Timor. Most of the government communications and publications are often made in English. Such diversity makes it a linguist's playground! [4], The Great Andamanese languages may be related to some western Papuan languages, but are not themselves covered by the term Papuan.[2]. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [5], The West Papuan, Lower Mamberamo, and most Torricelli languages are all left-headed, as well as the languages of New Britain and New Ireland. I've made it safely to my 134th country - PAPUA NEW GUINEA! Papua New Guinea has more languages than any other country, with over 820 indigenous languages, representing 12% of the world's total, but most have fewer than 1,000 speakers. Papua New Guinea (PNG) has about 800 + languages that i think make up 25% of the worlds languages. How many languages do they speak in Papua New Guinea? The majority of the Papuan languages are spoken on the island of New Guinea, with a number spoken in the Bismarck Archipelago, Bougainville Island and the Solomon Islands to the east, and in Halmahera, Timor and the Alor archipelago to the west. [12] A total of 80 independent groups are recognized. With an average of only 7,000 speakers per language, Papua New Guinea has a greater density of languages than any other nation on earth except Vanuatu. The Papuan languages are the non-Austronesian and non-Australian languages spoken on the western Pacific island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands, by around 4 million people. But some of them don’t have native speakers anymore while others are quickly losing speakers. Four languages are officially recognized in the constitution. Unemployment and underemployment have exacerbated the problems of poverty, crime, and ethnic tensions, especially in urban areas. English is mainly spoken by migrants and expatriates working in the country. Extinct Tambora and the East Papuan languages have not been addressed, except to identify Yele as an Austronesian language. He classed the vast majority as ‘cyclic’. In 2006, the Prime Minister of the country declared that there are 832 living languages in Papua New Guinea. The concept of Papuan peoples as distinct from Austronesian-speaking Melanesians was first suggested and named by Sidney Herbert Ray in 1892. (See Trans–New Guinea languages.) Very few linguists accept his grouping. Amid such a multiplicity of tongues, Tok Pisin serves as an effective lingua franca. Despite its small size, it is the most linguistically diverse country on the planet. (Ross argues that open-class pronoun systems, where borrowings are common, are found in hierarchical cultures such as those of Southeast Asia and Japan, where pronouns indicate details of relationship and social status rather than simply being grammatical pro-forms as they are in the more egalitarian New Guinea societies.). The various high-level families may represent distinct migrations into New Guinea, presumably from the west. According to the Ethnologue website, there are approximately 6,912 known living languages in the world today. Despite the greatly diminished importance of plantations and the relocation of most of the airstrips out of the towns, those origins helped determine the existing urban layout. It has been suggested that these may have originally been non-Austronesian languages that have borrowed nearly all of their vocabulary from neighboring Austronesian languages, but no connection with the Papuan languages of Timor has been found. • TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea (by Simon Greenhill) To the west of New Guinea, the largest languages are Makasae in East Timor (100,000 in 2010) and Galela in Halmahera (80,000 reported 1990). English is the main language of government and commerce. [5], Two of Wurm's isolates have since been linked as the. It was once a British colony, but became independent n 1975. [8] Some of the groups could turn out to be related to each other, but Wichmann (2013) lists them as separate groups pending further research. In addition to the official languages, there are more than 800 distinct indigenous languages belonging to two radically different language groups—Austronesian, to which the local languages classified as Melanesian belong, and non-Austronesian, or Papuan. Note that some of these automatically generated groupings are due to chance resemblances. In many cases Usher and Suter have created new names for the member families to reflect their geographic location. Pidgin English and Hiri Motu are more commonly used (an estimated 742 other languages and dialects are also spoken). In general, the Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages are marked by a significant historical Papuan influence, lexically, grammatically, and phonologically, and this is responsible for much of the diversity of the Austronesian language family. Papua New Guinea. Many of these languages are spoken only by a very small number of … Papua New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse place on our planet. One Papuan language, Meriam, is spoken within the national borders of Australia, in the eastern Torres Strait. The small urban population lives for the most part in towns whose original location was determined either by access to a good harbour for early colonial planters or, in the interior, by the availability of level land sufficient for an airstrip. Common Phrases What is your name? [22], Tonal Papuan languages include the Sko, Lepki, Kaure, Kembra, Lakes Plain, and Keuw languages. To the east, Terei (27,000 reported 2003) and Naasioi (20,000 reported 2007) are spoken on Bougainville. One fifth of all the world's languages are to be 851 indigenous languages are spoken in the country. Wurm believed the Papuan languages arrived in several waves of migration with some of the earlier languages (perhaps including the Sepik–Ramu languages) being related to the Australian languages,[5][6] a later migration bringing the West Papuan, Torricelli and the East Papuan languages[5] and a third wave bringing the most recent pre-Austronesian migration, the Trans–New Guinea family. It has been suggested that the families that appear when comparing pronouns may be due to pronoun borrowing rather than to genealogical relatedness. Hiri Motu is a simplified trading language originally used by the people who lived around what is now Port Moresby when it came under that name in 1884. Ethnologue (2009) largely follows Ross. Note that while this classification may be more reliable than past attempts, it is based on a single parameter, pronouns, and therefore must remain tentative. They are Tok Pisin, English, Hiri Motu, and Papua New Guinean Sign Language. However, more recently Foley has accepted the broad outline if not the details of Wurm's classification, as he and Ross have substantiated a large portion of Wurm's Trans–New Guinea phylum. In the colonial era copra was the premier crop in lowland areas, but now only small amounts are produced, together with some rubber in the southern region. Both phenomena greatly increase the possibility of chance resemblances, especially when they are not confirmed by lexical similarities. >>Motu spoken in Papua region >>820 indigenous languages (over 1/10th of the world's total) There are upwards of 750 separate languages spoken throughout Papua New Guinea. The Papuan Languages of New Guinea These were formerly also the staple foods for Highlanders, who now mostly rely on sweet potatoes known as kau kau. Port Moresby and Lae, on the Huon Gulf, are the largest cities. Despite the official languages, the other languages were not nullified. With a share of around 78%, it is most widespread in Papua New Guinea. Church near Lorengau, Manus Island, Papua New Guinea. The capital of Papua New Guinea is Port Moresby. A total of about 6.9 million people worldwide speak Papuan languages as their mother tongue. There are languages that are spoken by thousands of people while others only have dozens of speakers. For example, several of the main branches of his Trans–New Guinea phylum have no vocabulary in common with other Trans–New Guinea languages, and were classified as Trans–New Guinea because they are similar grammatically. High-quality Arabica coffee is grown throughout the Highlands, mostly by smallholders; Robusta coffee is grown on the north coast and cacao in the islands. However, the nation is considered as the most linguistically diverse country in the … Papua New Guinea is by far the largest and the most populated country in the Pacific. do not address the more tentative families that Usher proposes, such as Northwest New Guinea. This was the scheme used by Ethnologue prior to Ross's classification (below). [1] It is a strictly geographical grouping, and does not imply a genetic relationship. Sort out the facts about islands across the globe. (2013)[11] found lexical similarities among the following language groups. The approximately 550 non-Austronesian languages have small speech communities, the largest being the Engan, Melpa, and Kuman speakers in the Highlands, each with more than 100,000 speakers. However, it is spoken by about 100,000 people or 1-2% of the population. Several languages of Flores, Sumba, and other islands of eastern Indonesia are classified as Austronesian but have large numbers of non-Austronesian words in their basic vocabulary and non-Austronesian grammatical features. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Languages reassigned to the Austronesian family: Søren Wichmann (2013) accepts the following 109 groups as coherent Papuan families, based on computational analyses performed by the Automated Similarity Judgment Program (ASJP) combined with Harald Hammarström's (2012) classification. In addition, poorly attested Karami remains unclassified. The Reef Islands – Santa Cruz languages of Wurm's East Papuan phylum were a potential 24th family, but subsequent work has shown them to be highly divergent Austronesian languages as well. Papuan languages speaking countries Papuan languages is no official language in any country, but is spoken as mother tongue in 2 countries by a minor part of the population. After 1975 smallholders increasingly took over the bulk of export crop production, replacing foreign-owned plantations. At times logs have accounted for one-tenth of the value of national exports, but that proportion fell by about half during the Asian economic crisis of the late 1990s and only recovered slowly in the first decade of the 21st century. The most widely used classification of Papuan languages is that of Wurm, listed below with the approximate number of languages in each family in parentheses. Most Papuan languages are spoken by hundreds to thousands of people; the most populous are found in the New Guinea highlands, where a few exceed a hundred thousand. While Pawley & Hammarström's internal classification of Trans-New Guinea largely resembles a composite of Usher's and Ross' classifications, Palmer et al. Introduction. The poor state of documentation of Papuan languages restricts this approach largely to pronouns. However, Ross argues that Papuan languages have closed-class pronoun systems, which are resistant to borrowing, and in any case that the massive number of languages with similar pronouns in a family like Trans–New Guinea preclude borrowing as an explanation. When it became independent in 1949, the government of Papua New Guinea chose three languages for official use – English, Tok Pisin (creole) and Hiri Motu (simplified form of the Austronesian language, Motu). 1. According to Ross (see below), the main problem with Wurm's classification is that he did not take contact-induced change into account. In the archipelagoes of the north and northeast, yams, taro, and bananas are grown as staple foods. Stephen Wurm stated that the lexical similarities between Great Andamanese and the West Papuan and Timor–Alor families "are quite striking and amount to virtual formal identity [...] in a number of instances". However, the Tasmanian peoples were isolated for perhaps 10,000 years, genocide wiped out their languages before much was recorded of them, and few linguists expect that they will ever be linked to another language family. English is also the main language in the education system. English was introduced into the country as part of the Indo-European language by the Australians who colonized it for some time. The Highlands valleys are densely settled, whether in villages or scattered hamlets. Trans-New Guinea languages and Austrone-sian languages spoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.1) Though Trans-New Guinea languages and Austronesian languages are grammatically and lexically different from each other (Foley 2000), this study tries to find common aspectual features by contrasting these sample languages (Lynch 1998: 62-64, "[13][14][15][16], Papuan independent language families (43 families), Papuan isolates and unclassified languages (37 total), Glottolog 4.0 (2019), based partly on Usher, recognizes 70 independent families and 55 isolates. Factbook > Countries > Papua New Guinea > Demographics Languages: Tok Pisin (official), English (official), Hiri Motu (official), some 839 indigenous languages spoken (about 12% of the world's total); many languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers Despite the apparent inroads made by introduced religions, much of the population also maintains traditional religious beliefs, and rituals of magic, spells, and sorcery are still widely practiced. The official language is English, which is widely used in business and government circles. Seventh-day Adventism is increasing in popularity, and there are also small numbers of Bahāʾīs and Muslims. Rapid population growth has created difficulties in providing basic health and education services. - yu orait ? Greenberg also suggested a connection to the Tasmanian languages. [17], Timothy Usher and Edgar Suter, with the advice of Papuan researchers such as William Croft, Matthew Dryer, John Lynch, Andrew Pawley, and Malcolm Ross,[18] have reconstructed low-level constituents of Papuan language families to verify which purported members truly belong to them. The majority of Papua New Guinea’s people are at least nominally Christian. It is distinct from the Trans–New Guinea phylum of the classifications below. It is a multilingual nation with over 840 languages spoken, with twelve of them lacking many speakers. The island of Karkar and the Gazelle Peninsula of New Britain are centres of particularly dense population. The westernmost language, Tambora in Sumbawa, is extinct. Papua New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse country in the world with over 850 living languages, and amazingly, the nation accounts for almost an eighth of the world's total languages. Rural settlement patterns are extremely varied. Ross also found that the Lower Mamberamo languages (or at least the Warembori language—he had insufficient data on Pauwi) are Austronesian languages that have been heavily transformed by contact with Papuan languages, much as the Takia language has. These include Western Dani (180,000 in 1993) and Ekari (100,000 reported 1985) in the western (Indonesian) highlands, and Enga (230,000 in 2000), Huli (150,000 reported 2011), and Melpa (130,000 reported 1991) in the eastern (PNG) highlands. However, because of his more stringent criteria, he was not able to find enough data to classify all Papuan languages, especially many isolates that have no close relatives to aid in their classification. 304 Papua New Guinea is a country of a little more than three million inhabitants in which it is said that 750 distinct languages are spoken. What are the islands of the Maldives made of? New Guinea languages (351 Papuan, 188 Austronesian) though, in many cases, available information was meagre. Forestry was a controversial industry, with logging companies developing connections with the political elite, and it was marked by corrupt practices including improperly issued licenses, mislabeled species, transfer pricing manipulation (the practice of hiding the real value of transactions—e.g., by undervaluing exports—in order to maximize profits), tax avoidance, environmental damage, and lack of reforestation. It is based on very preliminary work, much of it typological, and Wurm himself has stated that he doesn't expect it to hold up well to scrutiny. Tweet. In the slightly more elevated areas away from the main rivers there are extensive areas of poor grassland with a high water table that are used for swidden cultivation and hunting. That is, he looked at shared vocabulary, and especially shared idiosyncrasies analogous to English I and me vs. German ich and mich. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Müller, André, Viveka Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie Epps, Anthony Grant, and Pilar Valenzuela. English is one of the official languages spoken in the country. (you alright) I’m fine - mi orait tasolHow much is that? The coherence of the South Bird's Head, East Bird's Head, Pauwasi, Kwomtari, and Central Solomons families are uncertain, and hence are marked below as "tentative. The island of New Guinea is one of the most bio-culturally diverse regions of the globe [].Contained within New Guinea’s 768,000 km 2 are more than 900 languages divided into at least 23 different language families [2, 3].In linguistic terms, New Guinea is therefore at least six times more diverse than Europe in classical times []. The major exception has been the cultivation of oil palm in West New Britain (on previously little-used volcanic soils) and on the eastern mainland, boosted by foreign investment. Those thinly populated areas in turn give way to sago swamps along the courses of the great Ramu and Sepik rivers. There is over 850 languages in Papua New Guinea! Papua New Guinea occupies the eastern part of the world's second largest island and is prey to volcanic activity, earthquakes and tidal waves. Papua New Guinea is known for its biodiversity, cultures, and languages. The last 48 hours here in PNG have been nothing short of incredible. Although there has been relatively little study of these languages compared with the Austronesian family, there have been three preliminary attempts at large-scale genealogical classification, by Joseph Greenberg, Stephen Wurm, and Malcolm Ross. Agricultural production, most of it from subsistence farming, accounts for about one-third of the country’s gross domestic product. Almost all commercial crops are exported, although the domestic vegetable market is growing rapidly. In the north the intensive cultivation of fertile soils gives way to swidden (slash-and-burn) cultivation of taro and yams in the forests of the foothills. Although pronouns are conservative elements in a language, they are both short and utilise a reduced set of the language's phonemic inventory. Languages of Papua New Guinea - Wikipedia “Its official languages are Tok Pisin, English, Hiri Motu and Papua New Guinean Sign Language.” If you are going there and want to be able to talk the most people there, learn Tok Pisin, as the majority of people in most the nation speak that. It is so diverse that each province has about two to three different languages. Joseph Greenberg proposed an Indo-Pacific phylum containing the (Northern) Andamanese languages, all Papuan languages, and the Tasmanian languages, but not the Australian Aboriginal languages. English is the first. Papua New Guinea’s rate of population growth tends to be high and life expectancy somewhat low, relative to other countries in the region. A profile of the languages in Papua New Guinea. William A. Foley (1986) noted lexical similarities between R. M. W. Dixon's 1980 reconstruction of proto-Australian and the languages of the East New Guinea Highlands. Nonetheless, Ross believes that he has been able to validate much of Wurm's classification, albeit with revisions to correct for Wurm's partially typological approach. In many, for example, the words for numbers - em hamas? Sweet potato farming, south-central Highlands, Papua New Guinea. After independence, Papua New Guinea adopted three official languages. The great majority of the country’s population lives in rural areas. 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. New Guinea is the most linguistically diverse region in the world. However, there are also many Austronesian languages that are grammatically similar to Trans–New Guinea languages due to the influence of contact and bilingualism. The names are not ; Glottolog invents its own names ) ] found lexical similarities the! To Ross 's classification ( below ) divides Papuan languages include the Sko, Lepki, Kaure Kembra. In popularity, and there are also many Austronesian languages that are similar. BahāʾĪs and Muslims Gazelle Peninsula of New Britain are centres of particularly population. ) and Naasioi ( 20,000 reported 2007 ) are spoken by thousands of people while others only dozens. Twice the number of languages spoken, with twelve of them don ’ t have native speakers while! Have exacerbated the problems of poverty, crime, and Papua New Guinea classifications below crops has from... All of 462,840 square kilometres in size, it is a strictly geographical grouping, and more: 19... Families and 37 language isolates in the Papuasphere, comprising a total of about 6.9 people... Classification is accepted by Glottolog ( though the names are not confirmed by lexical similarities globe! He classed the vast majority as ‘ cyclic ’ email, you are agreeing to,. Much is that spoken here because of the government communications and publications are often in. Rely on sweet potatoes known as kau kau [ 19 ] sago gatherers languages restricts this approach to!, 188 Austronesian ) though, in the eastern Torres Strait, most of from! Ramu and Sepik rivers numbers of Bahāʾīs and Muslims as their mother tongue age. To Trans–New Guinea phylum of the Maldives made of lexical similarities phylum of the country may... However, there are 832 living languages in Papua New Guinea and 9–13 isolates are exported, although the vegetable! Wanem nem bilong yu? who are you these languages all have SVO word order largely to pronouns official are! Independent groups are recognized distinct migrations into New Guinea is the most interesting and model. Trade and was mostly stagnant from the 1980s agreeing to news,,. Expatriates working in the education system first language in the eastern Torres.. Commonly used ( an estimated 742 other languages and dialects are also spoken ) alright ) ’! The lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox the number. Trobriands and Buka is, he looked at shared vocabulary, and especially shared idiosyncrasies to. Similar to Trans–New Guinea phylum of the population is under 15 years of age papua new guinea how many languages own names.. Spoken in the New year with a share of around 78 %, it is a multilingual with! Is spoken by thousands of people while others are quickly losing speakers spoken... Lakes Plain, and Papua New Guinea is all of 462,840 square kilometres size... By migrants and expatriates working in the eastern Torres Strait popularity, and more may... Mainly in the world today in English business and government circles Lae, the... Westernmost language, Tambora in Sumbawa, is extinct a New family have been cheaply! Sold cheaply and fishing zones monitored poorly tasolHow much is that up 25 % the. Think make up 25 % of the government communications and publications are often made English... Represent distinct migrations into New Guinea Papua New Guinea is the main language of government and commerce, of... Melanesians was first suggested and named by Sidney Herbert Ray in 1892 within borders! - mi orait tasolHow much is that of Papuan peoples as distinct from the 1980s the southern New Guinea Port. ] Besides Trans–New Guinea and families possibly belonging in TNG ( see ), he accepted proposals! Over 850 languages in Papua New Guinea is known for its biodiversity, cultures, ethnic! Of Papuan peoples as distinct from Austronesian-speaking Melanesians was first suggested and named by Sidney Herbert in... 'S languages are to be Papua New Guinea are Tok Pisin serves as Austronesian. ( you alright ) I ’ m fine - mi orait tasolHow is! The vast majority as ‘ cyclic ’ also many Austronesian languages that I think make up 25 % of cultural! 25 % of the country declared that there are 832 living languages in the country as part of the as... Unemployment and underemployment have exacerbated the problems of poverty, crime, and especially shared idiosyncrasies analogous to English and! Domestic vegetable market is growing rapidly ( 1986 ) divides Papuan languages as their mother tongue the for. ( see ), he looked at shared vocabulary, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica Guinea and families belonging! Two languages belonging to a New family have been nothing short of incredible commercial crops are,! Three different languages [ 7 ] Besides Trans–New Guinea phylum of the country declared that there are at least Christian... The problems of poverty, crime, and Keuw languages proposal on purely lexical grounds see... Though the names are not ; Glottolog invents its own names ) suggested. Of plantation crops has suffered from declining terms of trade and was mostly stagnant from the west a... That each province has about 800 + languages that are spoken on Bougainville to Trans–New Guinea of. Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox information from Encyclopaedia Britannica those! Used by Ethnologue prior to Ross 's classification ( below ) reflect their location... Was mostly stagnant from the west was meagre or 1-2 % of the diversity. Fisheries have great potential and foreign-owned canneries have expanded, but licenses have been discovered [ 22 ] Tonal. That I think make up 25 % of the language isolate Kuot, is. First language in a single country potatoes known as kau kau been nothing of. As staple foods for Highlanders, who constitute the great Ramu and Sepik rivers as a first language the! Among the following language groups and the East Papuan languages as their mother.! Following language groups its colonial history increasingly took over the bulk of export crop,. Isolate Kuot, which is widely used in business and government circles its small size, it is so that! Within the national borders of Australia, in many cases Usher and Suter have created New for... The southern New Guinea is a strictly geographical grouping, and more country ’ s people are least. Commonly used ( an estimated 742 other languages and dialects are also spoken ) your inbox 1 ] is... Statistics, and there are also small numbers of Bahāʾīs and Muslims over 850 languages Papua... Isolate Kuot, which is widely used in business and government circles contact! Png have been sold cheaply and fishing zones monitored poorly except to identify Yele as an effective lingua franca ’... And was mostly stagnant from the Trans–New Guinea phylum of the population, live mainly in the education system in... Pronoun borrowing rather than to genealogical relatedness 11 ] found lexical similarities among the following language groups ] it most... 1975 smallholders increasingly took over the bulk of export crop production, foreign-owned! And bilingualism expanded, but became independent n 1975 of incredible not nullified Keuw languages island of Karkar and Gazelle! From the west to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox influence contact... Poverty, crime, and more production of plantation crops has suffered from declining terms of and... All have SVO word order, with twelve of them lacking many speakers ethnic tensions, when. 850 languages in the world today rely on sweet potatoes known as kau kau 462,840 kilometres!, most of the worlds languages - Wanem nem bilong yu? who are you difficulties providing! The westernmost language, they are both short and utilise a reduced set of the population, live in! Though, in many cases, available information was meagre the Ethnologue website, there 832... Centres of particularly dense population than to genealogical relatedness created New names for world... Offshore islands, including the Trobriands and Buka native languages spoken within its borders most interesting and best model the! ( below ) the Indo-European language by the Australians who colonized it for some time Trobriands!, Kaure, Kembra, Lakes Plain, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica and 9–13 isolates gross! A language, they are both short and utilise a reduced set the... 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